Logs

Foreword

As you might recall we undertook a 60 day trip through Woodland Caribou Park and the experiences we had there around the pictograph sites was such that we wanted to explore more of this region.

Our expectations of a second peaceful and serene journey vanished as we embarked upon waters at historically high levels, endured fierce weather systems and survived a near-fatal dump early in the trip.

With our gear compromised, Scott, frightened and injured, followed native tradition and left an offering, asking for guidance.

The chain of events that followed not only allowed us to complete our rigorous undertaking; but saw our lost gear returned through a series of happenings that could only have been overseen by the spirits.

We'll take you through the trip first … and then return to tell you about those things.

Introduction

This is a description of a 65 day trip undertaken north of Woodland Caribou Park.

This is the area that's the proposed UNESCO World Heritage site so we thought we'd explore it to experience some more of the wonders of the boreal forest.

Our trip will start just east of Berens Lake , work our way southwest to Roderick and Keeper lakes, then northwest to Family and Fishing lakes. From there we'll head northeast to Bradburn lake and work our way north to Deer lake. Then we'll follow the Cobham river as it winds its way west and then back east to Sandy lake. Following that we'll head south to North Spirit lake and west through Margot, then north to Warwick and southeast to Critchell and McInness. We end the trip by working our way to Barton lake and back to Berens lake. Total distance was in excess of 1300 km.

Here's an overview map ... we traveled in a clockwise direction beginning at the lower right … warning … this is big so if you're on a slow connection you may not want to access it. Large Route Map

The planning for this trip took over a year as there are no publicly recorded routes through this area. However, using our skills of map reading and interpretation as well as our previous experiences in traveling through undocumented areas and employing contacts we established in both Red Lake and the native communities we felt that the route we planned was feasible. However, there were areas where even our contacts could not provide information so we were on our own to plan those areas.

There is a good section in Cliff Jacobson's book Expedition Canoeing that deals with how to interpret topographical maps if you want to get an introduction to the subject.

We would not recommend that you attempt any portion this trip with less than three canoes and even then we'd recommend carrying a satellite phone. Traveling in one canoe as we did leaves no room for error and in many places there is no evidence of travel so your only hope of rescue is by air.

There are many rapids that are not on the topographic maps … and most cannot be run. Some have difficult approaches so even if you do not want to run any rapids you better have good moving water skills.

For instance, here's a section on the Cobham River … the current picks up quite dramatically as you enter the narrow section … there is one opportunity to eddy out on the right just above the log jam behind a rock … don't miss it!!!
Nasty Ledge on Cobham

Another example is this section of the Keeper River at Herod Lake. At the lower end there's quite a waterfall entering Herod Lake. This is followed by a section where some rapids are marked … but many are not.
Unmarked Waterfall and Rapids on Herod Lake

Portages do exist around most dangerous areas and across heights of land in the area … but some are difficult to find or get to … and most are not maintained. The only exception to this is as you approach a first Nations community. The folks here keep some portages open for their hunting and fishing travels.

That said ….. here are our logs.

Getting Away

Departed Hamilton 1:00am July 2 leaving months of exhaustive preparation behind. Sunny breakfast in Nairn while mentally reviewing lists for what we might have forgotten. Oh-oh. Granddaughters' birthday in Sept. We won't be back in time! Shall take care of this oversight in Red Lake.

Short visits with a couple of friends in Terrace Bay and Rossport.

Hardly a bug around as we set up first nights' camp in Rainbow Falls Prov Park. Pizza and caesar buffet at the Voyageur in Schreiber while watching Live-8 concerts then back to our campsite and into bed by 10pm.

Stars lit the sky but Sunday dawned cloudy. Weather progressively worse heading west. Thunder and torrential rains from Thunder Bay to Vermillion Bay, clearing as we turned north on 105 to Red Lake.

Sighs of relief when we finally pulled into Goldseekers' driveway at 5pm. Kelly Rogalinski wowed us with culinary delights. Chicken teriyaki kebobs, mandarin-pecan salad, fresh corn and homemade berry crumble accompanied with celebratory glass of vino! Trundled off to their bunkhouse and into dreamland around 10pm.

Whirlwind of last-minute activities today.


. Visits to Doug and Claire at MNR office
. Over to Chimo Air to co-ordinate two of our resupplies
. Off to Wasaya Air Freight to arrange the other 2 resupplies into Deer Lake and Sandy Lake F.N. communities
. Post cards and birthday gift all bought and sent
. Off to the local IGA for this evenings' bbq supplies - a Thank-you gesture to all who have helped us here in Red Lake.

Tomorrow at 6:30am Albert Rogalinski will shuttle us the hour and a half to our put-in point on Berens Lake.

It's hard to believe that this trip is actually about to happen......we began talking about it just after our 60-day adventure through Woodland Caribou Park and the preparation has taken 2 years.

Without Albert's help and his contacts in the F.N. Communities, without the assistance and encouragement of Doug and Claire at MNR and the willingness of Chimo Air to go out of their way to help us, we could not have come this far. Here's hoping we return with a basketfull of experiences, stories and pictures.

Are you folks nuts?

It was on Dave's face (head pilot at Chimo Air) today that I saw it for the first time. That abrupt, bewildered look as he pondered our trip schedule and began to comprehend the magnitude of our 71-day expedition.

It was the "Are you folks nuts or is this April 1st?" look.

We undertook our 60-day trip out of love for the serenity wilderness tripping gives us and we got far more than we bargained for.

What I refer to and what I return for, is not easily explained. Author Rupert Ross discusses it in his book, Dancing With A Ghost. To paraphrase, it is that part of the wilderness that requires your senses to be held open at virtually all times - a mental state that seems achievable only through intentionally distancing oneself from the over-stimulation of an urban environment.

Some people use meditation, yoga and other disciplines to achieve this state of mind and I continue to use both but personally, I feel the greatest success in the boreal wilderness. The ultimate reward? Guidance. To know self. To know God. Kathy.

Segment one - Berens Lake to Keeper resupply

July 5 – Day 1

Well, we're finally off … and an interesting day it was … we're camped on the south side of the Berens River about 5km east of the Pikangikum First Nations community. We'll be stopping there tomorrow morning to say hello; have a coffee in the restaurant and see if anyone wants t talk about our trip.

But I digress … Let's go back and catch up with events of the fourth.

The BBQ came off quite well. Doug Gilmore reported that there has been some talk about our trip from the first Nations communities …"Those crazy people are at it again"? … he also gave us some contact names in various communities.

Colin Meekis attended … he's been our advisor on First Nations customs and etiquette … he's also arranged for our supplies to be brought to us on Deer Lake.

Claire and her husband Ray, their son and granddaughter were there … Claire has been a wonderful resource; fielding diverse questions .. and a great confidante.

Kelly's parents dropped in for a while so we got a chance to get caught up on their activities.

Kathy and I were so bold as to go to the Northern Chiefs office in Balmertown; explain our journey to the receptionist, and extend an invitation to any of the chiefs. We didn't expect any to attend … we just wanted to spread the word a bit.

Indeed none of the chiefs attended but Colin reported that one of them had called him to verify that he was coming … we had worked into our conversation at the Chiefs office that Colin would attend.

The BBQ broke up at about 9pm and after clean up and last minute packing tasks we were in bed at 11:30pm. The alarm was set for 5 but I woke up at 4:40 … got up, showered and started some coffee.

Our shuttle was scheduled for 6:30 and came off without a hitch. We had some great conversations with Albert on the way to Berens Lake.

Upon arrival we found out where all that rain had been going … Berens Lake was about four feet higher than normal.

Our morning paddle up to the main portion of the lake was marked by the sighting of several eagles and the experience of having a pair of otters follow us for a while.

The fun and games ended at the first rapid out of Berens Lake. Pikangikum has built a roller arrangement to pull boats over but both the beginning and end were submerged in fast water. The beginning acted like a sweeper if you weren't careful about your approach and quickly disembarked to clear the railings and move your boat up onto the rollers.

The end was submerged in a huge boiling eddy that required some study before we ventured out.

The second rapid … which is normally a short lift-over … required a 200 meter portage … followed by a launch in the woods to avoid the churning water. The water was so high that we had to load the canoe in the forest and float it out through some alders to get to the river. The volume of water through here was huge … creating some big churning eddies … we had to be very careful as we crossed the eddy lines since the current was so strong for the next 400 meters.

We found a campsite at about 4:30 … set up … boiled some water for tea and had a swim and a bath. The water is quite chilly so the swim was a short one.

Video evidence that the water is really high - Pikangikum Water Level

July 8 – Day 4

Today is a rest day … we don't know for whom but somebody must be resting because that's what our schedule says.

We're on Hornblendite Lake … the north shore … in one of Kathy's favourite type of campsites … high above the water with a great view of the lake.

We arrived here at about 4:30 yesterday to a strong headwind that had waves pounding down the lake … we'd been fighting the wind for most of the day so we pulled up on the first flat spot we found for a rest, some gorp and water. We could camp here but tomorrow is a rest day so let's see if we can't find a better spot.

We headed off through the bush on foot … the walking here in the mature forest is pretty good.

Two possibilities don't pan out as well as we had hoped … but just around a small bay there's all this rock with what looks like a flat spot up on top.

A five minute walk and … we've found our spot.

This spot has been used in the past … looks like a First nations group might have been here … old fireplace; quite large .. and a tent ring. I get some pictures and we decide to disturb the site as little as possible … our tent goes to the rear of the site and I just move two rocks in the fireplace to retrofit it to our needs. The rocks will be returned when we leave.

Today dawned cloudy … we were still up at five since we have lots to do.

We had breakfast in the tent to get away from the bugs … (I haven't told you but the bugs have been persistent … not really bad … but worse than moderate).

Our task for today is to find the portage out of Hornblendite to the Wagin River .. and to improve it so that we can get through. We have anecdotal evidence that the portage exists … and an approximate location … by the map it looks to be about 1200 meters.

We found the portage on our first try … didn't even have to search on foot … an hour and a half of trail improvement and we were done. On the way back across the trail there was a fresh set of moose tracks … a cow and a calf.

That done we had lunch and went for a short fish … along with a couple of swims and a bath … and a tour around the lake.

So let's go back and get caught up …

Day 2 was our day to the Pikangikum First Nation … it turned out to be a bad day to visit. There was a funeral going on so the band office, as well as the hotel and coffee shop, was closed.

As soon as we entered the boundary of the community we landed and sought directions to the band office and hotel … they were easily located from the water and we pulled up in front of the hotel. At that point we found out about the funeral so we walked over to the band office … talked to Dinah (who was very helpful) … explained that we were passing through … and asked if we could leave a note.

She provided some paper and we jotted a short note of thanks for the privilege of being allowed to pass through their traditional lands … left our gift of tobacco and maple syrup … and departed.

What a bummer!!! … We had hoped to be able to speak with anyone interested in our trip over a cup of tea at the hotel … oh well …

By now it was past noon and we needed to head south to Maria Bay on our way to Dowling Lake. The wind was up and in our faces as paddled. We finally found a campsite mid-way down Maria Bay, pulled up and got everything back and away from the force of the wind.

We followed what we hoped would be our routine for the next 65 days … set up … swim and bathe .. whiskey and jerky.

It's a pretty warm afternoon and the sun is boring into our site so several more swims are required.

I should note here that we found the residents of Pikangikum to be quite friendly … people wondered why we were in their community but were soon very talkative and helpful when we explained our journey.

One other noteworthy event … we had our first bear encounter … a young bear … along the river just north of Dowling lake. We saw it and I got out the video camera … I began shooting when it noticed us … it just sat down and watched us for a bit … then moved to its left and down toward us to a chest high fallen tree … it put its paws up on the tree and looked over …. A marvelous shot … I just hope that it turns out good … shooting video from a canoe is not easy.

July 9 6pm – Day 5

Holy crap it's hot!!!

It's still 32 degrees in the shade on the north side of an unnamed lake … about three unnamed lakes from Hornblendite.

It's been hot and breezy all day. We started with the portage out of Hornblendite … the air was still at that point (about 8:30am) and by the time we finished the two carries I was a pool of sweat.

The Wagin River is easily navigable so far although there were three surprises … rapids that aren't on the map. The first required portaging but there was a well worn path on the left. We consider this to be a good sign for the rapids that are coming up tomorrow that are marked on the map.

Even the Wagin is high ... notice it in this video - Wagin Water Level

The other two surprises were managed a little more easily … we waded up two rapids by sticking close to shore. The current has been strong to paddle against since the river is quite high … in some cases its up into the bush. We're nearing the top of the watershed now so the water should not be so high over the next few days.

The area we've been passing through is mature boreal forest … trees are big enough so that there's a good layer of moss and lots of diffused light. It takes about 100 years to grow this type of forest and yet we have seen evidence of the last burn along the river.

We found a place here with an old fireplace and made it into home by just moving a few fallen trees. At least we're in the shade and the breeze is blowing into our site. Boots are out drying and I have to go and start dinner …

July 12 – Day 8

Here we are on Roderick Lake, having come up the Wagin River and across the height of land to the Keeper River system.

The past few days have contained quite a few surprises …

Surprise number one was the number of rapids that are not shown on the 1:50,000 maps. Almost every lake on this stretch had a rapid at its exit as we moved upstream and yet none of them are represented on the maps.

Day 6 saw us leaving our campsite only to encounter a rapid entering the lake. We portaged this on the left through some fairly open forest.

The next two rapids are shown on the map and were both portaged on the right along fairly well beaten paths that required almost no clearing.

We camped on a small island with a very gently sloping rock shelf. It was still hot and humid and we were kinda expecting a thunderstorm so when one passed just to our west we weren't surprised. However, the weather that followed was really scary.

Violent winds came from from the northwest at about 7pm and trees began falling just behind our campsite.

We quickly pulled our tent stakes and dragged the tent to the front of the site in a place where we felt more protected.

We stood outside in the pelting rain holding the tent for the next two hours … finally deciding to anchor the tent at the front of the site.

We climbed into the tent and had some cold soup that had been heating before all this occurred. Storms rolled through all night long … so violent, at times the air sizzled and lightning lit the tent. Weather like this is a humbling testament of the power of nature; a reminder that, as prepared as we may be, we are never in charge … a fact that often forgotten in the security of our urban environment.

That's three nights in a row of fitful sleep due to the heat and now this storm … which brought no break in heat and humidity.

We got a late start on the next day and immediately encountered a rapid entering our lake that was not on the map. We found a very old portage trail on the right that required some maintenance for us to get through … primarily from last night's storm.

That was followed immediately by a small pond and another rapid. We landed below the rapid on the right and soon found the portage but because of the high water we couldn't get to the take out point. Therefore, we cleared enough so that we could get to the portage and all was well.

It's still a very warm and humid day … occasional showers have us keeping our rain gear on and this makes for very hot portaging.

A final carry on the left, marked by a half-submerged boat, brings us to My Lake. We find a decent campsite but decide not to lay-over here as we planned since it's too cloudy and showers seem to predominate.

We saw our first moose today … a cow and calf. They decided to swim across the lake so I got some brief video footage … we also surprised an otter at our second portage … it was on the rock at the take-out point as we approached.

Day 8 was a surprisingly easy day for a day that we expected a lot of bushwacking.

First, as we left the waters of My Lake, we paused to think about our journey up this waterway and the good fortune we had.

With our first offering at Berens Lake I had asked the spirits to guide our footsteps and provide a safe journey. All those requests were granted as we found some very old portages and managed to navigate this undocumented route quite well.

We thought about the waters we were sitting on … and their journey down the Wagin river to join the Berens system and finally to Hudson Bay …. How long must that journey take? … Will we encounter this same water as we reenter the Berens system in September? … We hope to meet again.

From My Lake to Roderick Lake there are two ponds and three narrow necks of land to traverse. I had called Chimo ( they have a camp on My Lake) to ask about potential portages and they had reported that there were none.

The first pond has a small stream connecting it to My Lake and given the high water levels we decided to investigate it first … Success!! … we could float through.
The second pond was reached by bushwacking through about 250 meters of old growth forest … we didn't have to mark or clear anything.
At the second pond we paddled along the west shore to the narrowest point of land where we had intended to try to cross and encountered a portage trail … so … 400 meters later … with almost no clearing … we were on Roderick Lake.

We paused for a moment to leave another offering as we're now entering the Keeper system.

As we paddled across Roderick Lake the sun came out … a slight breeze came up from the west and the humidity of the last few days left.

We stopped for lunch and to spread out our tarp at the entrance to the main lake and consulted our map … we'd like to find a campsite along the west shore toward the exit point of the lake … and since we've earned a rest day we're going to be picky about the place we select.

A perfect spot appears about 2/3 of the way up the lake … an open point with lots of rock, a northeast exposure to get the morning sun and a great swimming spot.

July 13 - Day 9

We decided to sleep in this morning but the wildlife had other ideas.

At about 6:30 a duck began flying back and forth across our site just above our tent … so low that we could hear its wings clearly.

Our tent is up from the water and between two recently blown down trees so it's not that visible or accessible.

After a few passes the duck landed on top of our tent! … we could clearly see its feet as it sat there for about 30 seconds … then it flew off and landed in the lake just in front of our site. It took flight and buzzed the tent a few more times … Kathy said, "It wants us to get up for some reason."

So we're up. Kathy did our laundry yesterday so maybe today can be a real rest day with a leisurely breakfast of coffee and coffee cake baked in our outback oven.

It's a nice and sunny so it's a good day to get out the Solarroll and recharge the PDA, AA batteries and maybe the satellite phone or video camera batteries.

There's a family of four otters in the bay just behind us but so far they haven't ventured close enough for me to get any pictures.

It's nice to have a day for personal hygiene … manicures, shaving, haircut and beard trimming … with any luck we'll be presentable when we show up at the Chimo Keeper River outpost for our resupply.

Speaking of Chimo … they have a lodge here on Roderick Lake so we've seen boats in the distance but we've not chatted with any of the fishermen.

We did talk with the couple that were at the Chimo My Lake outpost and they reported that the fishing had been "a little slower than in past years" but they had been eating walleye every night. It was their third time here and they had nothing but praise for the Chimo crew. "Even sent someone out to repair the roof the day after the windstorm." "We didn't expect service that fast"

July 15 - Day 11

The last two days have been long tough ones … We continue to encounter rapids that are not on the map. Almost every narrow spot on the river has a rapid … some of them have been of a class and intensity that we don't even give them a second look … we just look for a portage.

On the upper section of the Keeper River we found no portages so we had to cut our way through. The storm we reported really flattened some areas and we encountered fresh blowdowns all day yesterday.

Video comment from an Island campsite along the Keeper - Keeper Commentary

By the end of today we began to find portages although all of them have been difficult to get to in the high water. For instance, earlier today we had to back ferry down the edge of some very fast water to get to a take-out above a four foot ledge that didn't show on the map.

Yesterday was spent hacking our way through the bush and fighting the wind … an eleven hour day when we expected to spend nine hours.

Today was another eleven hour day but had a bonus at the end. We're at the Chimo camp where we get resupplied.

On our call to Goldseekers last night Kelly reported that the supplies were coming out today and that the camp where they were being dropped off would be empty … that supplied our incentive to get here.

The wind was a problem again today … blowing from the southwest or west fairly strongly beginning at about 10am and not easing until after 7:30pm.

We'll sort out our resupply items in the morning … its now 10pm … we had fresh broccoli that Kelly sent out so we had wraps with hummus or lentil puree for dinner … we also had a huge pot of tea and still do not feel hydrated.

Segment two - Keeper Resupply to Deer Lake resupply

July 19 4pm – Day 15

We're on the north shore of Herod Lake right now waiting for the wind to die enough so that we can get to the outlet.

The crossing of Herod was a tenuous affair with a strong tailwind … the wind and waves were so strong that all we could do was to go with them … and that's how we got here … about a kilometer east of the arm leading to the outlet.

Today was a repeat of the previous few days … the water is so high that almost all rapids are unrunnable and the traditional landing points are within the high volume flow area and must be avoided … this makes portaging a tricky and time consuming chore.

So far today we ran one rapid and portaged three. Only one of the portages was a semblance of its normal self … even then the launch point was under two feet of water.

To see what we've been facing on the Keeper River - Portage under water on Keeper

Our first portage of the day was along the rivers edge and at times was part of the river … with a current running down the portage. The second required landing about 100 meters above the normal take-out and going up and over a rocky ridge to get to the portage … fortunately someone had marked the ridge with flagging tape sometime in the past.

July 23 - Day 19

Well, we finally managed to get to Fishing Lake … in the interest of time we will not visit the community of Little Grand Rapids … that will save us the two days that we're behind schedule.

If water levels were anywhere near normal we would be on schedule but the Keeper and Berens are both in flood stage.

To get you caught up …
It took us six hours to get off of Herod Lake … there's a large island at the north end with rapids around either side.
We tried the north first and found flagging tape … the path went about 50 meters to sloping rock but the rapid extended for another 150 meters … this is a recently burned area and the new growth is very thick so we decided to try the south end of the island.

At the south we found some flagging tape and a trail that got us around the first of two rapids. However, try as we might, we could not find a way around the second set … some fairly heavy showers arrive to further dampen our spirits.

After carrying back across we go back to the north end and survey the situation. It appears that that the portage trail goes out into the river (remember that the water is about three feet high) … we decide to crash through the bush to a point where we can wade to the end of the rapid through the alders. All this takes us six hours and really tires us out.

For the video commentary after the Herod experience - Herod Experience Commentary

The passage to Malaher was another scene from your favourite horror movie.

There are no rapids marked on the map but we encounter five or six … we ran two with our hearts in our throats because of big standing waves and strong currents.

All the remaining portages were awash and we found ourselves wading thigh deep in moving water in order to get through.

The portage to to Malaher Lake had been improved slightly so that other than wading shin deep it was a pleasure.

From Malaher to Moar was a dream come true … no rapids even though the river narrows considerably just before Moar.

The crossing of Moar under ideal conditions … sunny cool weather with just the hint of a breeze from the north.

Video comments as we traverse Moar Lake - Moar Lake Comments

We had camped north of Malaher by putting in a long day so we were feeling pretty good about making up some time as we approached Eagle Falls at the northwest corner of Moar Lake. Stopping for lunch at the falls, we began to feel better about our progress and looked forward to picking up a day of the two we were behind.

All that came crashing to an end as we continued downstream on the Berens to Meegeesi Rapids.

The only shore we could get to because of the high water was the left … so we pulled over and walked the bush to what shows as a pool below the rapid on the map. It turned out to be a boiling cauldron of churning water that slammed into the rock face on the other side of the pool.

Retracing our steps we tried paddling around a small island that divides the river but the current was so strong we couldn't make any progress.

By now it was 4:30 and we're pretty beat … both physically and emotionally.

We had left an offering at lunch time to ask for continued guidance and safe passage so you can imagine our surprise when we arrived back at the falls and found a native guide and two fishermen from the Norse Lodge. We introduced ourselves and explained our journey and our problem of not being able to get through.

Our map was produced and we asked about potential routes through Douglas lake. There were several narrow points that we thought we might try.

David Green turned out to be the guidance we had requested. He pointed out where the portages were located and reported that they were in good condition since they got used every spring and fall for fishing and hunting.

After David and his clients left we portaged back up past the falls and found a place to camp.

We sat down to consider our next step and we were both so mentally and physically tired that we almost decided to paddle over to the lodge and have them fly us out.

After sitting for a while Kathy said "We can't quit now. David was sent here for a reason and we should follow the path he directed us on."

That decided we got our act together and began our usual end of day routine.
Kathy suggested going over to the falls and trying our luck at a little fishing before we decided what to have for dinner.
That excursion turned out to be a real tonic for the evening as we easily caught five nice walleye. We kept the first one and then a nice one that Scott caught.

Cajun walleye fillets with mashed potatoes and corn followed by tea and cookies were just the ticket.

A good nights sleep followed and we began to retrace steps to get to Douglas Lake. The portages were found and navigated easily.

Video comments as we started the portage to Douglas Lake - Douglas Lake Comments

We were approaching Manito rapids where the Berens empties into Fishing Lake at about noon when a motorboat came from the direction of the rapids … we both looked at each other with amazement … was the rapid so open that a motorboat could come up them?

The pilot pulled over to chat with us.
It turned out to be the owner of the Fishing Lake Lodge. Byron asked if we were the canoers that needed resupply at his lodge since he had the supplies sitting on his dock.

During our conversation Byron said that the Manito rapid was washed out because of the high water and that we'd be able to drift right through it. He also said that the water on Fishing Lake was 10 feet above normal and at 100 year highs. Is it any wonder that we've been having so much trouble?

To make a long story short we're sitting in a cabin at the lodge right now discussing what time to go over to the dining hall. We're bathed and refreshed, our clothes are washed and we're ready to leave in the morning … (after breakfast here of course … what's a couple of hours when you can have bacon and eggs?) to visit Paungassi and tackle the Bradburn river.

We'll be traveling up the Bradburn across an old First Nations route to Deer Lake so we hope conditions will be similar to our trip up the Wagin.

July 24 - Day 20 – 2pm

Well, just as we begin to think we'll get back on schedule another obstacle appears. We're sitting here … here being part way up Fishing Lake … windbound.

As dinner and conversation was beginning to wind down last night one of those frequent thunderstorms blew in from the west. The wind, which had been pretty bad all afternoon, intensified and rain pelted down. All this lasted for several hours. At one point we became worried about our canoe so we went out and both tied it down and changed its orientation to the wind gusts so that it was not so suseptable to the wind that was howling in from across the lake. The storm lasted until after 1am but the wind stayed up all night.

We were awake at 4am hoping to catch a lull but there was no morning calm.

Breakfast with our new chums was at 7am and then we packed up and took the "back way" out on to the lake. This got us to a protected bay and we worked our way up the bay to a point where we have about a kilometer of open water to cross to get to a string of islands which we'd hoped to use as a shield. It's just not happening.

The whitecaps are marching down the open mouth of the bay so we backtracked a few hundred meters to a spot where we've erected our tent, built a fireplace and made a pot of coffee. We're hoping the wind will die later this afternoon so that we can paddle the hour or so that it'll take us to get to Paungassi and then another hour toward the Bradburn River.

As it turned out, Byron was headed to Little Grand Rapids this morning so we wrote a note to the chief expressing our thanks for being allowed to travel on their traditional lands and sent it, and our gift, with Byron.

So here we sit … with the communications tower at Paungassi in plain view above a point to our north. So near and yet so far.

July 29 - Day 25 – 10:30am

And wait we did.

All day and through the night the wind blew out of the west. We arose on the 25th to continued strong winds.

At about 9am we thought the wind might be dying some so we consulted the map to select our best path and started out.

Not a mistake, but not the smartest decision as we battled some three foot waves until we could get to the shelter of an island.

Then the passage across the narrow spot just before Paungassi required some careful paddling.

We cruised up to the dock at Paungassi to be greeted by two of the locals … well, not quite locals … one was Tim Kusko; his wife manages the Northern Store … and a native chap who was waiting for a float plane. We chatted for a minute and then walked up to the band office to pay our respects.

We met Tim again as we were leaving the office and he gave us the grand tour of the community … including a visit to the newly constructed school which opened in the fall of 2005.

That completed we embarked on a downwind ride that was anything but pleasant. The waves were big and we had all we do to keep the canoe on course.

Making record time, we entered the Bradburn River and began our ascent to Bradburn Lake. The map indicates three rapids but only the second two required portaging. The water in Fishing Lake was so high that the first rapid was non-existant.

We arrived at Bradburn Lake and set up camp near the entrance … unbelievably we're back on schedule.

Even though we're tired there's a nice current past our site so we get out the rods and try our luck. In no time we had caught seven walleye and kept the four best for dinner.

Bradburn Lake video commentary ... Bradburn Lake Comments

The passage to Orono Lake was easy enough although it was a long day.

Portage trails existed at each rapid and we only had to search for one … it started in the tailrace of the rapid on a steep rock … in lower water it might be more obvious.

The water levels here are a little high … but not like the Keeper or Berens.

Orono Lake is a nice spot … lots of islands and exposed rock. There were some fishermen here and they motored over to chat as we looked for a campsite.

Orono Lake marks the start of a northward trek across the height of land which will get us to Deer Lake and our next resupply.

The first leg took us through some really narrow streams and over beaver dams until we arrived south of Namiwan Lakes.

Video comments from just south of Namiwan Lakes ... South of Namiwan Comments

We're on Upper Namiwan Lake today having come up through Lower Namiwan.

Again lots of small stream work and several rapids that are not shown on the map. The weather today is clear and cool … about 17 celcius now (That's 63 for you Farenhite fans) … it was 10 this morning.

The past few days have been cool with lots of showers so it's nice to have a little sun to dry things out and to allow us to use our Solarrool to recharge our batteries.

We pulled up on an island in Lower Namiwan yesterday to weather one of those showers and stumbled into a mother lode of raspberries … so today was a breakfast of pancakes and raspberry sauce. This is our first harvest of the trip … the blueberries are beginning to ripen so we should be able to pick some soon.

August 1 - Day 28 – 11:30am

A rest and resupply day on Deer Lake.

This is one of those places that should be on your to-do list … clear, cool waters … lots of islands … lots of potential camp sites … and great vistas.

Our travels to get to this nice east facing point have been interesting, picturesque and bountiful.

Leaving Upper Namiwan we once again crossed a height of land and began our descent to Deer Lake. From Upper Namiwan to Black Birch Lake there are several portages … only one of which has any distance to it.

There are also several huge beaver dams … in the range of 10 to 15 feet high … all but one had portages and that one was a fairly easy slide over as long as you don't mind a steep slide down.

We expected to see some fishermen on Black Birch and actually passed the outpost cabin but it's residents were nowhere to be seen.

The terrain is now much more pronounced and we pass through some very steep walled and narrow sections as we leave Black Birch. However, there were no surprise rapids … just a good current.

Video of a couple of the obstacles we faced on the Black Birch River ... - Black Birch River Rapids

Our plan was to camp just after the falls exiting Black Birch so we stopped here to fish and in no time had three really nice walleye; two three pounders and a two pounder.

We took some pictures and proceeded to find a campsite then pigged out on walleye with mashed potatoes and mixed vegetables.

This is a lower section with lots of moosey looking spots (no moose seen) so the bugs were out both morning and evening.

Black Birch river to Deer Lake was an easy passage with only two portages … both had trails but the second was quite steep at the put in point. Both of these portages offer the opportunity for some photographic moments. One is a waterfall of about 20 feet and the other is a rapid with a series of ledges.

We were lucky on our passage across Deer lake to here on two fronts.

First, the weather cooperated to the extent that it was warm and sunny with a slight southwest breeze … this is a really big body of water so wind could be a problem here.

Second, the weather allowed us to chose a path along some steep walled islands where we found some pictographs.

We paused, left an offering, took some pictures and departed somewhat richer for the experience.

Our resupply came off without a hitch as Cory Meekis, his son and an adult friend pulled up with our barrels.

We took the time for a chat as we sorted through the incoming goodies in our usual … this stays, this goes routine. Our last bit of moose jerkey and cookies were shared and as well, we left them with our unused coffee and tortilla wraps.

So today is a rest day, which I really need …You see, I hurt my right shoulder on the way across Fishing Lake to the Bradburn River. The winds were quartering from the right rear so I had to keep drawing the stern over … sometimes very briskly … to prevent us from turning sideways. Since then my shoulder has been really sore … but with each passing day it gets a little better. Kathy has been applying Arnica cream as well as giving me Reiki treatments every night.

Deer Lake comments following resupply on a rest day ... - Deer Lake Comments

I totaled up our travel distance and so far we've come 460 km or about 300 miles.

The next few days will take us north through Cochrane Lake and Cobham Lake before we turn west and begin our journey along the Cobham River as it winds its way first west and then back east to Sandy Lake.

The trip to Sandy Lake is expected to take us 17 days … most of which will be on the Cobham River. This is the land of trophy sized walleye and pike so I'm hoping for some photo opportunities and some more of that Cajun walleye.

Segment three - Deer Lake to Sandy Lake

August 8 - Day 35 – 1pm

Wind bound for the moment on the Cobham River of all places.

The river here is only about 50 yards wide but the wind is so hard and gusty that we're making no progress. We stopped here for lunch and we'll wait to see if the wind dies enough to allow us to get in another couple of hours of paddling.

Lets go back and get caught up with our travels from Deer Lake to here.

Deer to Cochrane Lake was on a beautiful calm day. One portage got us to the Cobham River where we stopped for a minute and played catch and release with a few nice walleye.

We passed a pictograph site on Cochrane Lake so we followed the tradition of an offering, some contemplation and a few pictures and moved on.

Cochrane Lake pictograph video ... - Cochrane Lake Video

Cochrane to Cobham Lake was accomplished on a windy day with the only break being the four portages we did … all had decent trails.

We found a nice spot on Cobham Lake and set up for the night. Then we called Albert to let him know that we were OK … and on schedule.

All that came apart the next day as we were windbound on Cobham Lake … we made only about 5 km before we were stymied. We pulled up to a point to consider our options and decided not to tackle the four foot waves pounding down the lake from the northwest.

Windbound on Cobham Lake ... - Windbound on Cobham Lake

In hopes that the wind would die we put up the tarp to weather a few showers and got out the fishing gear. The fish seemed to like this wind buffeted point and soon we had four walleyes in the 2½ to 4 pound range … we put them on our stringer while we awaited our fate … if we can move we'll release the fish.

By 5pm with no sign of the wind letting up we scratched out a spot just big enough for our tent and I prepared the fish for dinner. If we're going to have a forced layover day them let's make the best of it.

Setting the alarm for 4:30 should allow us to regain some of the distance we lost today. Think again!!!!

By noon the wind was very strong from the southwest …. Just in the direction we were traveling. We made up no ground so now we'll probably give up a rest day we had planned to take on Elliot Lake.

Up again at 4:30 to try to beat the wind … oh, by the way, we're in Manitoba now … by about a kilometer.

Cobham River comments ... session 1 ... - Finally off the Cobham River

On August 7 conditions turned favourable and we made it all the way across Elliot Lake by 2:30pm … this included wading down two rapids that did not appear on the map.

At the end of Elliot Lake there's a rapid that we ran to get to the big pool below. There we set up camp and returned to the rapid for a little fishing. In no time we had three walleye which we converted to Cajun walleye fillets for dinner.

So here we are today … and the day started out so well.

We ran the first two rapids shown on the map before the wind came up. As we approached the next set … a multiple rapid … the wind had us almost stopped a few times.

We found the portage … carried for about 650 meters with no trouble … then ran another unmarked rapid before we came to a standstill.

We paddled for an hour to get only two kilometers and decided to stop for lunch. Oh, by the way, today is day 35 … our half way point.

The disappointments have been the lack of animal sightings and the wind that seems to grind us to a halt almost every afternoon. Soon we'll be headed east on the Cobham River so hopefully the wind will give us an assist as we make our way to Sandy Lake.

2pm and the wind is still bad … Kathy has put up the tent and is napping … should I join her; make a pot of coffee or just sit here in my chair and doze?

At 4pm we started paddling again and gained about 6 km in two hours … but found a better camping spot.

August 14 - Day 41

Boy a lot has happened since I last sat down to write … mainly rain.

It's been raining off and on for five days now and the lack of good campsites doesn't help our spirits.

The one bright spot has been the fishing … below any fast water we can catch all the walleye we want … Kathy caught and releases several 4 to 5 pounders and a 10 pound pike.

The river has been dotted with unmarked rapids … some with quite inane looking approaches.

In one such place the river narrowed to a canyon as the flow picked up and then dropped over a four foot ledge. An eddy above the ledge provided the only escape point … and that's where the portage was.

On another instance we had to drag the canoe over a log jam to get to the portage.

Cobham River comments ... session 3 ... - Cobham River difficulties

The scenery for the last few days has been much of the same thing … just bush and marsh with no rock and no good campsites. Last night and tonight we're camped on the doorstep of one of the camps the natives have constructed … not the best but we've been able to use the structure to store our wet gear and for cooking.

There's no rock to construct a fireplace … and if there were rocks I don't think there's a dry stick of wood anywhere.

Oh well, only two and a half days to Sandy Lake and a visit to the Northern Store to load up on all those things we've been craving … if the wind cooperates.

Morning video on the Cobham River ... - Early morning on the Cobham

Tomorrow we'll get to Finger Lake and have to turn southwest for a bit … if the wind is up that crossing will not be pleasant.

We're sitting in a log and polytarp structure having our afternoon whiskey and jerkey … with a coffee today. It's been raining all day … not hard … just a steady drizzle with a few showers thrown in. All our stuff is in here too as we attempt to dry things out a little.

Cobham River hunt camp video ... - Dinner in a native hunt camp

We need a few sunny days and some decent campsites to lift our soggy spirits.

August 20 - Day 47

Windbound on Sandy Lake … part two … yes, there was a part one … two days ago as we left the community of Sandy lake.

On that day the wind was blowing steadily out of the east and allowed us to only reach the first string of islands just south of the community before we had to pull up.

We had gotten a late start since the air freight office didn't open until 10 so that we could send our empty barrels and return items back to Albert.

We had two memorable days in Sandy Lake …. Nice people … and some sunshine so that we could dry out our stuff after the string of nine rainy days we had before our arrival.

Now that we're back on the water the rain has started again.

On August 18 … windbound day one … it rained in the evening and all night.

August 19 was a calm but rainy and misty day that allowed us to paddle about 25 km to Rathouse Bay … where we are now. The wind came up last night and has not subsided. The rain intensified last evening and has continued until now … 11:30am.

Sandy Lake pictographs and comments video ... - After leaving Sandy Lake

But I've skipped a few days … so let's go back and get caught up.

August 15 was a day filled with showers and the odd sunny break.

The paddling along the Cobham River has become monotonous … with the showers thrown in it's a discouraging day.

Late in the day the wind came up and it cleared for a while so we pulled up, did some laundry and had a bath. Almost as soon as the laundry was hung the showers returned so we hastily packed the still damp clothes and departed.

We made it to the top of Finger Lake before the wind and rain started in earnest. Taking shelter from the wind and driving rain we found a small beach and set up camp there. I hate camping on sand!!!! It gets into everything … especially wet sand … but it seemed our best alternative.

Once again no fire for dinner … cooked on the stove and we're almost out of fuel. It seems amazing that 55 ounces of fuel is almost gone … but I can't remember the last time we cooked over a fire … it was just after we left Elliot Lake about August 9.

August 16 started as a breezy day with the wind out of the northeast. We battled the waves for a couple of hours using some islands for shelter and then the wind began to diminish. At this point we began to take advantage of the wind push and decided to try to get to Sandy Lake a day early.

Fearing a return of the wind … and since we had several long crossings to do we paddled steadily until 1pm before we felt safe enough to stop for lunch.

We got to the community of Sandy Lake a little after 2:30 and pulled up to what looked to be a public boat launch. Some of the locals were there so we inquired as to the location of the Northern Store and the band office. They were interested in our trip tales so after a short chat we hoofed it to the store, loaded up on snack food and inquired about motel accommodations.

The staff at the Northern Store were very helpful … even let us use their phone to call the Sandy Lake Motel where the owner volunteered to come and pick us up. He drove us to gather up our stuff … the canoe was left at the dock … and to the motel.

The motel is a six room affair with two shared washrooms, a common area where meals are served and a laundry room. The common area also houses a TV.

Dinner was at six and so we got to meet the other inhabitants shortly before then. Doug and Cory were there to do some repairs to the school roof … they were from Winnipeg. Dick was a construction consultant who was instructing and assisting the band in building housing. Kris was a police officer there to replace the regular band officer who was on holidays. Joe and Linda Fiddler were the owners and operators … they showed up at meal times to cook and or to deliver stuff they had made at home.

Meals were simple; quantities plentiful and we relished the opportunity have someone else cook for us.

Breakfasts were bacon and eggs; our one lunch was burgers and fries and dinners were roast chicken one night and spare ribs the next. Linda even made apple pie the second night so we had pie and ice cream.

After 44 days on the water these home cooked meals sure hit the spot.

Our supplies were due on the 17th so we dried out our stuff in the morning and waited to call about our supplies until after lunch.

We'd made arrangements to have our supplies sent to Joe Fiddler (another Joe) and when we called he said that he'd just picked them up.

His place was within walking distance so we walked over to meet him and to get our stuff.

Joe is one of the older band members and as time passed he began to talk about his family and his life. His wife Jean was at work so we made arrangements to come back after dinner to meet her.

Joe took us to pick up our canoe and in the process gave us the grand tour of town. There was a wedding taking place that day so after we took the canoe back to the motel we went to the location of the wedding feast.

It was about 4:30 and the feast didn't start until 5:30 but the wedding party was present so we marched in and announced that we were their southern cousins and had paddled 44 days from Red Lake to wish them well.
We all had a good laugh, shared some good conversation and got some pictures with the bride and groom. They invited us back to the feast but we'd already committed to dinner at the motel so we declined.

Joe took us back to the motel where we went through our resupply routine of unpacking and repacking all our stuff.

After dinner we went back to Joe's place to meet Jean and to give them some gifts for helping us out.

The evening is one we'll never forget as Joe and Jean got a sense of us; as we exchanged gifts and as we talked the things that had happened to us. We gave them tobacco, tea and maple syrup and Joe gave us a hatchet that he'd carried for many years as well as a book … "Killing the Shaman" … an account of some of his relatives.

Joe also showed us where some pictographs were in Rathouse Bay and we talked about leaving offerings.

Both the hatchet and the book were things that brought a realization that there is some connectedness to our world that we're just beginning to understand. I'll write more about that at the end of this narrative.

The next morning Joe came to pick us up and transport us us to our departure point … then took Kathy to the airport to send our returns to Red Lake.

So here we are, almost off Sandy Lake (8km to go) and we're already two days behind schedule on our trip up the Flanagan River to North Spirit Lake. I don't know what we'll do if the sun doesn't come out soon. Our batteries for all our stuff need recharging and haven't been fully charged since we left Deer Lake 18 days ago.

Segment four - Sandy Lake to Warwick resupply

August 28 - Day 55

We're here on Copper Lake … a day behind schedule … and a stones throw from our resupply at the Chimo camp on Warwick Lake. It's raining, windy and very overcast so we're doubting that the resupply flight will be able to take place.

The weather did change for the better and we had some nice sunny skies for our trip up the Flanagan River. However the water was high so the current was strong in places and the wind was consistently from the southeast …. And even though we skipped a rest day we're still a day behind our schedule.

Northwind Lake video commentary ... - Northwind Lake comments

The Flanagan does offer some impressive rapids … all but one are marked on the map … most have decent portages … especially as you approach North Spirit Lake …. The fishing is quite good.

Just upstream from Rathouse Bay there's an old dam that was used to power a mining project … it's abandoned now but the drop and the volume of water are impressive.

There are also other signs of past human intervention later on the river as there's evidence of smaller dams and small guage rail tracks that were obviously used to transport rock to construct these dams … these were probably in association with controlling the water level while the larger dam was being constructed.

The first few portages were in poor shape and required some effort to get through but after Johnston Rapids the portages were clear. There were also boats a most of the clear portages.

Johnston Rapids video ... - Johnston Rapids Scenery

The only rock still seems to be at rapids so we camped on a sand point one night … the only acceptable spot for miles as it turned out.

By the time we reached Whiteloon Lake the rocky terrain began to reappear so we had a nice spot high above the water near the inlet.

The water is still sandy in colour but is becoming clearer as we progress up the river.

Another long day with the wind in our faces got us just onto North Spirit Lake where we camped on a small island.

The next day we paddled to the North Spirit Lake community to meet Darcy Kegick and his wife Susan.

I'd chatted with Darcy while planning the trip to find out about this section of the journey and he was very helpful.

North Spirit Lake First nation houses about 325 people. Darcy operates the gas station and Susan runs the store … they are side by side and their house is there too.

We first landed in an area where we saw some larger buildings but they turned out to be the post office, the school and the water treatment plant. Across the bay was another dock and as it turned out it was Darcy's. We pulled up … started up the road … and there was the gas station.

A stop at the store provided some bread, peanut butter and chips … the bread and peanut butter were put to quick use as we sat and had coffee with toast and PB with Darcy and Susan. We filled them in with all our trip details and gave Darcy the low down on portage conditions along the Flanagan.

He looked at our maps and suggested that the portages from Margot to Loree might be in slightly different locations from where I'd drawn them. He also said that there were two sections of fast water between Margot and North Spirit that we might not be able to paddle up …… we did, but not without a lot of effort.

Their ten year old son had just shot his first moose so we had to get all the details about the kill and the butchering process … you see, the community elders get involved when a young man kills his first moose … so the story was very interesting.

We didn't leave North Spirit until after 1 pm and as we entered Margot Lake we faced a stiff wind from the southeast. By crossing to the south shore we were able to make some good progress and actually got further than we had planned.

The plan was for two nights on Margot but we made up a day by continuing to Loree Lake the next day. Two portages … 1700 and 1000 meters were completed and we camped at the first good spot we came to.

Loree Lake video comments ... Loree Lake comments

Yesterday was supposed to be a short day with us stopping again on Loree Lake but we continued to this spot on Copper Lake which is just below the falls from Loree.

It began raining yesterday with showers and thunderstorms and ended just long enough for us to get a fire going in the late afternoon so that we could have our dinner and coffee. The showers returned later and then it began raining steadily at about 6 this morning.

It's now 10:30 and it's raining quite steadily. The skies are still low so we're not expecting to hear the resupply plane today. We can't see taking everything down in the rain just to go over to Warwick Lake and set up in the rain so we'll sit it out for today.

Another rest day in the rain!!!!!

August 30 - Day 57 – 10:15am

Well, we're at the Chimo camp on Warwick Lake still awaiting our resupply flight.

Yesterday was another day fog and drizzle … no planes flying … but we did meet the people from this camp and they took us in for the night.

We had a great time sitting around the table after a walleye dinner and relating our stories … this is our third day of waiting for supplies… we're now about three days behind schedule … and just when we thought we might have a chance to catch up.

Oh well, at least the company has been great … an affable bunch of people … six in all … from Wisconsin. We've exchanged addresses and emails so that we can contact them when we finish … and I can send them copies of our DVD presentation from our Woodland Caribou Park trip.

Segment five - Warwick Lake to Pikangikum Lake

Sept 1 - Day 58

We finally had a day with the wind at our backs so we did the entire length of McInnes Lake … about 45km of in total. We're within sight of the portage to Dolphin and the start of what might be the most challenging portion of our trip.

The last few days have been cloudy with showers.

The plane arrived on Warwick Lake at about noon. By one we were departing after our goodbyes to our new friends.

We made it across Warwick Lake and camped where the McInness River enters the lake.

There were more rapids than advertised on the way to Critchell Lake …. What's new … but the scenery was good for the first half of the day … then it turned rainy again.

McInness River video comments ... - McInness River Rapids

On Critchell we paddled late to get near the end of the lake so that we could get an early start on McInness.

Geese are beginning to fly over so I guess that fall can't be far away.

The wind blew gently out of the north as we entered McInness Lake and then increased as we got to the wider portion and were able to turn directly downwind. A few showers go by and we found a protected bay for lunch … it rains some more.
The afternoon was spent surfing down the lake once again.

Everything is wet so I have a little trouble getting a fire going.

Kathy calls in to her company and discovers that her backup has decided to quit … this is not good.

We discuss what we should do from here and decide to complete the trip but we'll cut off the trip to Poplar Hill and we'll exit from Pikangikum Lake if we can get permission to use the communities' access point.

Sept 3 - Day 61

Dolphin Creek was a challenge.

We're on what the natives call Bullrush Lake … and we earned every kilometer today.

Yesterday we traversed Dolphin Lake including a stop at an outpost camp to have a coffee and a two hour chat with the four guys there.

It was another breezy shower filled day so when we pulled up to the camp the guys were sure surprised to see us … it was their third time in this camp and they'd never seen anyone.
"You got here how?"
"Your out for how many days?"

We explored the start of Dolphin Creek … just enough to see that it was a rock garden with severe log jams at its beginning. We also found an old blazed trail that seemed to parallel the stream so we decided that we'd follow it in the morning.

Follow the trail we did … it wasn't too difficult to keep to the blazed trail in this first section. There were some blowdowns to get around and some brushy sections where we lost the blazes for a time until we made a circle and picked up the trail again. This first section was about 800 meters.

Dolphin Creek video comments ... - Dolphin Creek ... Stay Away!!

We put in and paddled only about 250 meters before we encountered the big drop in elevation that I was worried about. A little scouting revealed a string of blazes so we started off again.

This trail was much more obscure than the first … we had to drop our packs several times to facilitate searching for blazes. It took us half a day to get about three kilometers … to a place that promised better paddling.

However, just around a bend there was a log jam that we had to pull up and around through the brush to get past.

Following that the next three kilometers contained several … about ten … blowdowns or beaver dams that required pullovers in order to get to a small lake.

Then there was another narrow section … this was no problem other than paddling through tall reeds for about 200 meters … and then we're on Bullrush Lake … if you ever come here you'll understand the name.

Sept 5 - Day 63

We're out to the Berens River now … having come to Barton Lake yesterday.

The wind was a problem entering Barton Lake … blowing from the southeast … but we crossed to the east shore and managed to travel in relative calm for most of the rest of the day.

We find a decent place to camp but its pretty buggy here …. Yes, that's right … Sept 5 and the bugs a still out.

You see, the water early this summer was about ten feet higher than it is now. That left the bush wet for a long time and has enabled the mosquitos to continue to thrive. Who'd believe that on Sept 5 we'd be wearing our bug nets in the morning and evening?

It rained last night and into this morning so we're a little late getting started.

The wind was from the southwest today … and quite strong … creating the desired tailwind for some of the day but caused problems since the wind and the flow of the Berens were in opposite directions …. Some dangerous conditions existed where the river had a fast current and the wind driven waves opposed the current creating a jumble of haystacks.

We're on an island that has been used by first nations folks … there's a table here … evidence of a camp, a little too much litter … and a burnt out outhouse. Its warm and humid so the bugs are present here too.

Berens River video comments ... - Berens River ... Trip Ending

Evidence here suggests that the Berens is about 6 feet lower than it was earlier this summer … thankfully the water is down, otherwise we'd have real problems trying to travel upstream.

Sept 6 - Day 64 – 2pm

Well, we're windbound on Pikangikum Lake; directly across from the community.

Wind has been strong from the southwest again. We did three portages today and stopped at the last to clean up and wash our clothes since we were hoping to visit Pikangikum again.

While Kathy was washing the clothes I took the time to make a few casts … I soon had two walleye and a pike for tonights dinner.

By hugging the west shore we were able to get most of the way down the lake but a deep bay to the west was allowing the wind to funnel into the main lake … we pulled up to wait.

Its now 6pm and the wind has not abated enough for us to attempt to cross the bay … we've set up camp and will arise early in an attempt to beat the wind …. By the way its raining again.

Sept 7 - Day 65

We're out!!!!!

We got up at 5am … packed up in the dark … and were on the water by 6:15 … its barely light but the wind is already starting to be a problem.

There was one touchy crossing on the main part of the lake but we made it to the mouth of the bay leading to the landing by 8am.

We stop here for a rest and some snacks before continuing to the take-out point.

Earlier we had called Albert and told him that we couldn't get to Pikangikum so asked him to call them to request permission to use their access point.
"Are they the people that were here earlier this summer?"
"Were they camped just across the lake from us last night?"
"Sure they can use the access point."

Arriving at the dock we call Albert to inform him that we're here … we start some lunch and coffee since it'll take him about an hour and a half to get here.

Kelly had a dinner for us that had our sides bursting … we regaled them with our stories … drank some coffee … had some wonderful cheesecake … and collapsed into bed.

Sept 8

Up early for a breakfast at the Lakeside …. We've been talking about this for the last few days.

Spent the day going around Red Lake to thank everyone that had played a part in our journey.
Chimo Air was first … this is the second time we've used them and once again their service was outstanding.

Went to see Doug and Claire … Doug was in a meeting and Claire was out in the park …. We stopped back later to talk to Doug … never got to see Claire.

We did go to the Northern Chiefs office just to report back and to thank them for allowing us to travel on their lands.

Back to the bunkhouse to get stuff straightened out and packed up for the long drive home.

One last dinner with Albert, Kelly and the kids … we can't thank them enough for what they've done for us.

Sept 9

We're up at 5 and on the road at six after a shower and some coffee.

Tonight we're camped at White Lake Provincial campground … a 12 hour drive from Red Lake …. Another 12 hours and we'll be home.

The Rest of the Story

The rest of the story

Clearing his throat, he said, in his best Paul Harvey voice, "and now for the rest of the story".

At this point you should watch the DVD of our Woodland Caribou Park adventure to get a sense of some of the experiences we had around the pictograph sites in Woodland Caribou Park or read the logs of that trip at .... Woodland Caribou Logs

Those experiences were all with the spirit world and the animal world. As you'll see, our Gitche Manitou experiences were of the spirit world and the human world.

As you'll recall we were on day 12 of a 65 day excursion that would see us travel about 800 miles and visit seven First Nations communities.

We had left several offerings during our early days as we changed river systems and entered new country.

The day (July 17) dawned clear and sunny and we set out to traverse a section of the Keeper River. The water was very high on the river, such that we had to take out early when we need to portage and often had to carry well beyond the traditional end of a portage to find a safe entrance back to the river.

We had run the first rapid and had portaged around the second to a point where we need to push out through the alders to get to the river.

Unbeknownst to us the river suddenly turned and ran back through the alders.

When we pushed out we were immediately lifted on the current and slammed broadside into the alders.

Leaning into the alders and trying to move was futile as the river surged repeatedly and began to fill the canoe.

We had just drawn the wild card of outdoor adventures and tragedy was now breathing down our necks!!!

As in previous launchings we were not wearing our life jackets and this almost cost us our lives.

The canoe tipped into the river spilling us and our gear into the current.

I watched our gear float away as I entered the water, clutching my paddle and believing that I'd just float downstream and by keeping the paddle that I'd have an easier time when I landed since I wouldn't have to search for my paddle before righting the canoe and paddling away.

Two factors entered the equation here; first, the currents were so turbulent that it was impossible to stay afloat and second, we were at the top of a big eddy.

Kathy was lucky enough; and strong enough so that she got near enough to shore to grab onto some roots. The bank was very steep here so she had trouble just hanging on and trying to extricate herself. She had seen me drift away more in the middle of the river and assumed that I'd exit further downstream.

soon realized that I was not able to stay afloat as I spent more time under water than near the surface. I was struggling just to get to the surface to get a breath of air before I'd be sucked back down by the swirling currents. I also realized that I was now caught in the eddy as I began to be carried in an upstream direction.

I could see that I was going to pass close to Kathy and I knew that I was just about out of energy.

I came up within a few feet of Kathy and croaked out "Can you help me Kath?"

She turned and saw me there and I extended the paddle to her grip first. Taking the grip she watched as my fingers slipped off the blade.... Another attempt to extend the paddle saw the same result and now I was drifting out and back down the eddy.

At this point I had almost no energy left. I came back up to the surface, turned on my back and let out a moan as I tried to clear my lungs to get some air.

Kathy watched and listened in horror as she was sure she was watching me drown.

It's strange what goes through your mind in times like these. I kept my eyes open most of the time so that I could see the lighter surface water and know which way was up. I also realized that I was in dire straits but I was not flailing. I thought clearly enough to think that the stories I'd read about how heavy your boots were at a time like this were true.

After that moan I sank and I thought to myself "It would be so easy to drown here. All I'd have to do was relax". I could feel myself start to relax a little and then I thought "I do not want to die here!"

I don't know what happened next but it was almost as if something reached into the river and dragged me shore because I went from an almost certain underwater grave to a position where I realized that I was struggling to shore in waist deep water and calling out to Kathy.

As you can imagine, we were both pretty distraught. Kathy was sure I was going to drown and I was wondering what miracle had just occurred that got me from mid-river to shore.

We checked each other for injuries; Kathy was OK but I had suffered a rib injury making it painful to take a deep breath. There was no discontinuity in my ribs so we began to search for our gear.

Our pack and barrels were easy to retrieve; the life jackets, paddles and fishing gear were all in one place and although they were a pain to retrieve we got them all back.

The canoe was pinned against the alders and took a lot of pushing to get it to kick free.... Thank god for ABS.

We gathered everything up and did an inventory. All we were missing was our axe, a water bottle and the map we were using that day.

We had a spare map set and were carrying two water bottles so we were OK on those fronts but our axe was an important piece of equipment since we'd used it to clear several portages already.

To say that I was shaken would be the understatement of the decade. I had stared death in the face and was not sure that I wanted to continue.

Moving downstream, we camped at the first available spot so that we could sort ourselves out.

I was sure that I wanted to quit but Kathy urged me to sleep on it and see how I felt the next day.

I went down to the shore and left two offerings.
With the first I thanked the spirits for saving my life and with the second I asked the spirits to send me a sign to tell me whether or not to continue.
I was prepared to wait for that sign.

We had just resupplied so we had 17 days worth of food and it was only a one day paddle to a good pickup place.

We spread out all our stuff to dry and realized that something had happened to our satellite phone. The battery had expanded so that the phone was not useable.

Drying the battery was not the solution. It would not attach to the phone properly. This just added to my feeling of impending doom.

That night it began to rain and the next day dawned overcast, rainy and foggy.

I had not slept well and was feeling really depressed. I told Kathy about asking for a sign and she encouraged me to have patience. You see, she was worried that if we quit that it would mark me for the rest of my life … and she was probably right.

At about noon I went down to the shore to get some water and looked up the lake. There in the fog, perched on a small island, was an eagle.
We had come to believe that eagle was our spirit and I commented to Kathy that it was there.
However, I was not prepared to accept that this was the sign.
It just didn't give me a feeling one way or the other.

Around three I was sure that I could hear voices coming from up the lake and after a while three canoes came paddling out of the mist.

It was a group of nine girls from Minnesota … a Voyagers' group that was out for a 28 day trip. It was their third day out and they sure were a soggy, bug bitten group of teens.

They stopped to chat and we compared trips, each talking about what we had planned.

As we talked about our quest to visit the First Nations communities and they marveled at the fact the just the two of us were attempting that journey, I could feel my spirits rising.

They paddled off to camp further up the lake and I turned to Kathy and said, "That was the sign. I'm ready to continue".

These were the only canoers we saw during our journey and I thank the spirits for putting them there for us.

We paddled over to a nearby lake that had a fly-in outpost and left notes for Chimo Air and Goldseekers to tell them that we were behind schedule and that our satellite phone was not working.

Seeing that we were supposed to phone in once a week we asked for an extension so that we could reach the community of Little Grand Rapids and phone in from there.

Shaken but not defeated we continued down the Keeper River.

The journey was a white knuckle affair that saw us run few of the rapids that might be attempted in lower water levels.

All the portages were a ticklish affair with having to land well above the normal take out point and put in far below the normal spot.

We finally exited the Keeper river as it emptied into Moar Lake. We were two days behind schedule but the day was bright and clear with just the hint of a breeze from the southwest.

As we crossed Moar Lake we saw some boat from the Norse Lodge out on the lake. One of the boats approached us as the occupants wanted the usual information.
"How did you get here?" "Where are you going?"
There were three occupants in the boat; a native guide and his two clients.

We described our trip and said we'd be heading for Meegeesi rapids to continue down the Berens River.

Upon arrival at the start of the Meegeesi rapids there's a nice waterfall there. The fishermen called it Eagle Falls (meegeesi is the native word for eagle).

We stopped for lunch and left another offering because the water here was also very high and we were thankful for finishing the Keeper.

Portaging around the falls we were faced with very fast current that led directly into Meegeesi Rapids. From the seats of our canoe we could see that the river was a foaming mass that frequently sent geysers of water into the air as it hurtled downstream.

Disembarking on the south shore we took our map and compass and headed for what looked like a pool at the end of the first drop. There is no portage here so we work our way through the bush to the top of the pool.

To our dismay the river is rushing into the pool in such volume that it's crashing directly into the steep wall on the opposite side before exiting in another curling mass.

From our vantage point that seething foam lasts as far as we can see.

Since there's no portage here we retrace our steps to try the north shore. The northern banks of the river are steeper and the current is very powerful so we work our way along looking for a place where we feel that we can safely disembark.

We're almost back to the falls where the river splits so we look along the leftmost incoming fork for a spot.

The river here is even faster and we're very nervous about establishing even a slight angle to the current since the river is full of big swirls.

Not finding a suitable or safe place to land we retrace our steps; we actually allow ourselves to drift backward rather than trying to turn; back to the fork where we pull into an eddy to discuss our next move.

Retrieving the map I look for a logical way around the rapids but all I can see is a lake to the south that would require a three hour paddle to look for a portage that might not even be there.

At this point we discuss our possibilities and decide that this is probably not the year for us to be doing this trip. The strain of the Keeper River and now this is more than we want to bear.

Deciding to paddle back to the falls and camp there for the night before paddling over to the Norse Lodge and getting them to fly us out we push off against the powerful current.

As we approach the falls who appears there but the native guide and his two clients. By the time we get to the falls they are well into a catch and release session.

Deciding to give it one last try we take our map and approach the guide.

His name is David Green and he resides in Little Grand Rapids, the community just to the west. A short map session and he shows two routes past the rapids. Both are used by his community in the spring to bypass high water.

Thanking him profusely, we portage back up the falls and set up camp.

There will still be one more rapid to do on the Berens but it looks manageable and David says that there's a portage there if we need it.

We set up camp and return to the falls but David and his clients are gone. Sitting on the bare rocks we discuss what has just happened.

Of all the people that might have appeared to help us why was David sent?

Moar Lake is a big body of water and David could have taken his clients to any number of places including several rapids that empty into the lake … why did he choose to come here?

We leave another offering to thank the spirits.

Along this section we also found that our satellite phone worked if we plugged it in to our solar panel.

So even though the battery was no longer useable we could call out as long as the sun was out.

We therefore called Goldseekers and told them that we'd be calling on every sunny day and they could reset the doomsday clock to seven days after each call.

This turned out to be a good choice because at one point later in the trip we had rain and mostly cloudy conditions for eleven days in a row.

At each sunny break during those days we'd scramble to get the phone hooked up and hope that a cloud didn't pass over the sun while we were calling because it took all the power the solar panel could generate to operate the phone.

Our passage up the Bradburn River, across the height of land to Black Birch Lake and down the Black Birch River to Deer Lake was a pleasure compared to our earlier tribulations. Our days were shorter as we took time to fish along the way and enjoyed several walleye dinners.

On Deer Lake there were several passages we could have chosen to get to our intended destination for the day. The path we took led us to discover a series of pictographs …. The spirits were indeed guiding us.

>We had arranged to be resupplied on Deer Lake and our supplies were to be brought out to us (a two hour motorboat trip) the next day.

As we paddled along we spotted a boat in the distance, near where we had indicated that we'd like to camp.

The boat came down the lake to meet us and guess what? Our resupply was here.

Even though the barrels were clearly marked with the resupply date there had been a miscommunication that resulted in the barrels being brought out a day early.

Deer Lake is a big body of water and had it not been a perfect day for paddling we might not have been able to get our resupply.

Were the spirits still with us?

The passage up through Cochrane Lake and Cobham Lake was marked by the discovery of another set of pictographs, a series of falls and some more great fishing.

We were wind bound on Cobham Lake for a day but used it to catch four nice walleye from shore and stuff ourselves with Cajun walleye that night.

The next 14 days were spent going downstream on the Cobham River as it starts out in a westerly direction and then turn back east to Finger Lake and Sandy Lake.
This was our rainy section as the last nine days were very soggy.

There were a few portages that were difficult to navigate and a couple of fast water sections above ledges that required some care but we handled it well.

The land here is low lying providing not many good camping spots but there were some native hunt camps scattered along that provided enough of a clearing for us to erect a tent and get our gear inside the camp to try to dry it out.

The rain stopped as we crossed Finger Lake and the wind held off until we were on our way down the inlet to Sandy Lake.

We pulled up to what looked like a public dock and were immediately greeted by some of the locals. When we said that we'd been out on the land for 45 days we got their immediate respect. They were very interested in our journey and had heard of no-one that had attempted what we were undertaking.

This was a common reaction. The younger people could not imagine tackling a journey like that while the older residents got a far away look about them and recalled that their grandfather had talked about long journeys to other communities, to hunting grounds and to trading posts.

We inquired as to the location of the Band Office and the Northern Store (we needed junk food) and were given directions. We left all our gear at the dock and walked about a half a mile to the store.

I should say here that at no time did we feel that our gear was in danger of being stolen or did we feel unwelcome at any of the communities we stopped to visit. As soon as we started talking about our adventure it was as if a connection was made and people were more than happy to provide directions and ask us about our trip.

We arrived at the Northern Store, got some fruit, peanut butter, bread and potato chips and inquired if there was a local hotel or motel where we could stay for a couple of nights (at this point we were one day ahead of schedule).

The Northern Store staff brought out the local phone book, got the number of the Sandy Lake Motel and allowed us to use the store telephone to place the call.

The motel owner (Joe and Linda Fiddler) agreed to house us for two nights and actually drove over to the store to pick us up … we also drove back to the canoe to get our belongings. The canoe was left by the dock.

The motel was straight out of any episode of North of 60; a six room affair with two shared bathrooms, a laundry room and a common room that was used for serving meals and TV viewing.

The cast of characters here was also very interesting. Two guys that were in from Winnipeg to repair the school roof, a construction consultant that was training some of the band members to build their own housing and a substitute native constable.

Now the story gets interesting again.

Officer Kris was reading a non-descript book that evening as we sat around the table after dinner and chatted. We had regaled the guests with our stories (not the drowning part) over coffee when Kathy asked Kris if he'd read "Dancing with a Ghost". It's a book written by Rupert Ross, a crown prosecutor who traveled all over the north trying to dispense justice in the native communities. The book offers good insights into the native psyche; it was the only book we brought with us and we were re-reading it as we traveled to try to get an insight as to how to interact.

Kris' face lit up, "I've always wanted to read that book, and as a matter of fact not only did I grow up around the corner from Rupe but I often see him as he's now a judge and I get to present cases before him".

Kathy handed over our book with the request that Kris take it to court some time and have Rupert autograph it for us. Now we had no book but we were happy to have provided Kris with some enjoyment over his next few weeks.

So now we're short a book, an axe and a satellite phone battery.

The next day we phone Joe Fiddler (another Joe Fiddler, you see the Fiddler name is common here) he's the guy that has agreed to do our resupply here. He's to go to the airport and pick up our stuff when it arrives.

He reports that our supplies are here and he's picked it up so we get some directions and walk over to his house. His wife Jean is at work so Joe entertains us with the grand tour.

On the way he shows us where he was born and drives us around the community.

He tells us that there's a wedding going on that day and we inquire as to where the wedding feast is to be held. It seems that it will be at the local school so Joe drives us over there.

We're feeling pretty lucky just to get to see the preparations so we boldly walk into the school and to the gym where the feast is to be held … you see, anyone from the community can attend the feast, you don't need an invitation.

The tables are set-up and the wedding party is there so we just march over and I extend my hand to the groom "You won't believe this but we're your southern cousins and we've paddled for 45 days to get here … congratulations"

That got a big laugh from the wedding party but it broke the ice as we spent the next half an hour talking about our trip and the preparations for the feast.

We got some pictures and an invitation to the feast (which we declined citing another dinner engagement).

As we drove around we were telling Joe about our practice of leaving offerings and inquiring of him if anyone in the community practiced the old ways.

He was pretty tight lipped about old practices so we told him about some of the experiences we had on our Woodland Caribou Park trip around the pictograph sites and dropped the subject.

Joe dropped us off at the motel and we agreed that we'd come over to his house after dinner to meet his wife.

After our dinner and another coffee we walked over to Joe's house.

We brought gifts of tobacco, maple syrup and some chai tea. On the way we were wondering if we had offended Joe by asking about old practices before we should and resolved to stay away from that subject.

We arrived and gave Joe and Jean the tea. They asked how it was made and we told them "the usual way, just drop three bags in your teapot full of hot water". They accepted the tea but made no move to prepare any so we began, what to a white man would have been a very strained conversation.

We made a few comments and told them about our journey so far … we eliminated any reference to our spiritual adventures but we did tell them that we had left offerings at pictograph sites and when we changed river systems.

This is where "Dancing with a Ghost" was a real blessing to have read. We didn't rush into any questions or make any observations other than to tell our stories as they happened to us.

There was a lot of silence during this part of the evening as Joe and Jean sized up these new people and we gave them time with their thoughts.

We gave them the remainder of our gifts … the tobacco and the syrup. Joe was very interested in the tobacco as it had been made by the Tuscarora people of upstate New York and I told him that I had acquired it on the reserve there.

After another silence I shifted the conversation to the history of Joe's family and asked about his recollections of being out on the land and what he knew about the travels of his ancestors.

He began to tell some stories about his parents and some cousins of his and how they had traveled the land around Sandy and Finger Lakes in their hunting and trapping expeditions. He never said anything about his own experiences but soon he paused and said "Whenever I traveled on the land I only needed two things".

At this point he rose and went over to a cupboard, opened a door and brought out the two things.

As he gifted the objects to us he said "I always carried this hatchet and this book".

Kathy and I just looked at each other with dumbfounded expressions.

The axe we had lost 33 days ago was now coming back to us (in slightly different form) as was a book that we had given away just a day before.

The new book was "Killing the Shamen" a history of the clans of Sandy Lake with particular attention to the Fiddler family and to Jack Fiddler, a shaman who was arrested and charged with murder in about 1900.

These were both very old possessions of Joe's. The hatchet was sharp and had been well cared for and the book had notations in the margins.

Our "white folk" instinct would have been to recognize that these items obviously meant a lot to Joe and therefore we shouldn't accept them … but we also recognized that Joe was carrying on a long tradition of gift giving … and that somehow the spirits had intervened once again to see that we were protected during our journey.

We accepted the gifts and used both of them during the remainder of our journey.

On the way back to the motel we were so elated that we must have seemed like kids.
How could the spirits have prompted Joe to give us those particular items?
We stayed up way too late reading the book, drinking coffee and celebrating our good fortune.

We began the next phase of our journey the next day … but not before Joe took us to the airport so we could send our returning items back to Red Lake.

On our way back from the airport he began to tell us about leaving offerings and shared with us what his people considered the proper way to leave offerings.

The next three days were … wind and rain …steady drizzle with no wind … and wind and rain filled.

The two windy days had us trapped first on Sandy Lake and then in Rathouse Bay but we used the time to read the book to each other and I showed Kathy how to start a fire even though it had rained steadily for three days by using the hatchet to shave an old stump and start a fire at the base of the stump.

We now had all our possessions back … except for our satellite battery … but the phone worked if the sun was out so we felt quite content as we started to ascend the Flanagan River toward North Spirit Lake.

The Sandy Lake community consists of about 2200 residents whereas the community of North Spirit Lake is about 325 so we were not expecting to find as many amenities there.

I had spoken to Darcy Kejick on the telephone earlier in the year to ask about potential routes through the area and he had been very helpful. I ended our conversation by asking if we could come for coffee or tea when we got there and he agreed. With all the wind on Sandy Lake we were two days behind schedule so we used the satellite phone to let Darcy know that we were behind schedule but were on our way.

We camped on North Spirit Lake near the outlet to Pakwan Lake and within sight of the community and paddled over the next morning.

Picking a dock, we pulled up and quickly located the gas station. To our surprise the store was next door so we went there first to get our usual restock of peanut butter, bread and potato chips. We approached the counter and the woman there said "You must be the Warners".

As it turned out, this was Susan – Darcy's wife. She told us that Darcy was waiting for us just across the way in their house, that we should just go over and she'd join us in a bit.

We spent the next couple of hours talking about our journey and discovering that their 10 year old son, Brandon, had shot his first moose about two weeks ago.

This gave us a lead into talking about the customs surrounding a boy's first big kill and how the elders were involved in the butchering and distribution of the kill.

Since I'm a moose hunter too it gave me a chance to talk hunting with Darcy and Brandon.

After talking about the elders participation we began to tell the story of the things that happened to us … all the things you have just read about … and how things were coming back to us.

Susan looked at us and said "What kind of satellite phone do you have"?

When we replied that it was a Globalstar she got up, walked into an adjoining room, and returned with a Globalstar battery.

It seems that Darcy had purchased a Globalstar phone and after a few uses it proved to be defective. He removed the battery and returned it for replacement. When it came back it had had a new battery so they now had a spare battery.

You can just imagine our amazement. How could we possibly deny that the spirits were looking out for us. We now had all our missing pieces back … but the story does not end here.

From here to the conclusion of our trip was to be a rigorous section as it started out with portages of 1700 and 1000 meters just to get us to Loree Lake

The next two days saw us work our way west toward our next resupply which was to occur at Warwick Lake on August 28.

>We got as far as Copper Lake on August 27 and were back on schedule when the weather took a turn for the worse. The sky closed in and it began to rain in earnest as we set up camp on Copper Lake. Warwick Lake was within a few hours paddle but with the weather the way it was there was no way that a float plane would be coming with our supplies.

The 28th arrived and we were in a fog bank. The rain had turned to showers but there was no sign that the ceiling would lift.

We decided to move over to Warwick Lake to await our supplies so that we'd be ready to turn our empty barrels around if they wanted to fly them out immediately.

Packing up our soggy belongings we pushed off and headed up Copper Lake only to encounter some fly-in fishermen. Stopping to chat we learned that they were from Wisconsin, a group of eight, and that one of the women had a son that was stationed at Camp Pendleton. He was due to be sent to Iraq within a day and Chimo Air had forgotten to leave them with a satellite phone.

Are you starting to get an eerie feeling about now?

That woman was also fishing on Copper Lake and so we paddled along until we found her and approached her boat.
"You won't believe the whole story" we said, "but we've been sent to you with a satellite phone"
She was able to get in touch with her son and had a very tearful conversation.

In the end they demanded that we come and stay with them until our supplies arrived.
They cleared out a room for us and we were well fed and watered.

After what they had just witnessed they were more than anxious to hear our stories.
Their eyes were almost as wide as ours as we related the series of events that led to our arrival on their doorstep with a fully functioning satellite phone.

The rest of our trip was arduous as we faced long and poorly marked portages, wind and waves and a couple of dicey passages through fast current where the opposing wind had built up some dangerous waves … but the spirits found a way to guide our steps and to keep us from harm.

We began the trip not knowing what we would face.
There were no recorded descriptions that we could find so we trusted that there would be a way to get through even though we were told that in certain instances that there would be no portages.

As it turned out the spirits were looking out for us by providing the vision to see evidence of where others had passed and by providing guides at appropriate times to keep us on our journey.

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